Ch-6.1 D Pharm Pharmacology

Topic: Anti-coagulants

ANTICOAGULANTS

These are drugs used to reduce the coagulability of blood.

Classification of Anticoagulants drugs:

I. Used in vivo

A. Parenteral anticoagulants:

(i) Indirect thrombin inhibitors: Heparin, Low molecular weight heparins, Fondaparinux, Danaparoid

(ii) Direct thrombin inhibitors: Lepirudin, Bivalirudin, Argatroban

B. Oral anticoagulants:

(i) Coumarin derivatives: Bishydroxycoumarin (dicumarol), Warfarin sod, Acenocoumarol (Nicoumalone), Ethylbiscoumacetate

(ii) Indandione derivative: Phenindione.

(iii) Direct factor Xa inhibitors: Rivaroxaban

(iv) Oral direct thrombin inhibitor: Dabigatran etexilate

II. Used in vitro

A. Heparin: 150 U to prevent clotting of 100 ml blood.

B. Calcium complexing agents: Sodium citrate