Ch-12.1 D Pharm Pharmacology

Topic: Cephalosporins

Cephalosporins are beta-lactam antimicrobials used to manage a wide range of infections from gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. The cephalosporins are a class of β-lactam antibiotics originally derived from the fungus Acremonium, which was previously known as Cephalosporium.

 Classification of drugs:

1. First Generation:

a) Parenteral Drugs: Cefazolin, Cephalothin, Cephapirin, Cephradine

b) Oral: Cephalexin, Cephradine, Cefadroxil

2. Second Generation:

a) Parenteral Drugs: Cefamendole, Cefonicid, Cefoxidin

b) Oral: Cefaclor, Cefuroxime axetil

3. Third Generation:

a) Parenteral Drugs: Cefotaxime, Cefriaxone, Ceftazidime, Cefoperazone

b) Oral: Cefixime, Cefotaxime, Cefdinir, Cefpodoxime proxetil

3. Fourth Generation:

a) Parenteral Drugs: Cefepime, Cefpirome, Cefozopran