BP 604 T. BIOPHARMACEUTICS AND PHARMACOKINETICS (Theory)

UNIT-I        

Introduction to Biopharmaceutics

Absorption; Mechanisms of drug absorption through GIT, factors influencing drug absorption though GIT, absorption of drug from Non per oral extra-vascular routes, Distribution Tissue permeability of drugs, binding of drugs, apparent, volume of drug distribution, plasma and tissue protein binding of drugs, factors affecting protein-drug binding. Kinetics of protein binding, Clinical significance of protein binding of drugs

UNIT- II             

Elimination: Drug metabolism and basic understanding metabolic pathways renal excretion of drugs, factors affecting renal excretion of drugs, renal clearance, Non renal routes of drug excretion of drugs

Bioavailability and Bioequivalence: Definition and Objectives of bioavailability, absolute and relative bioavailability, measurement of bioavailability, in-vitro drug dissolution models, in-vitro–in-vivo correlations, bioequivalence studies, methods to enhance the dissolution rates and bioavailability of poorly soluble drugs.

UNIT- III                                                    

Pharmacokinetics: Definition and introduction to Pharmacokinetics, Compartment models, Non compartment models, physiological models, One compartment open model. (a). Intravenous Injection (Bolus)

(b). Intravenous infusion and

(c) Extra vascular administrations.

Pharmacokinetics parameters – K_E ,t1/2,Vd,AUC,Ka, Clt and CL_R– definitions methods of eliminations, understanding of their significance and application.

UNIT- IV  

Multicompartment models: Two compartment open model. IV bolus

Kinetics of multiple dosing, steady state drug levels, calculation of loading and mainetnance doses and their significance in clinical settins.

UNIT- V        

Nonlinear Pharmacokinetics: a. Introduction, b. Factors causing Non-linearity. Michaelis-menton method of estimating parameters, Explanation with example of drugs.